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Sunday, July 1, 2012

Network Security: Apa Dan Bagaimana?

Seperti yang kita lihat di saat ini, Internet telah tumbuh dan berkembang hingga mencapai angka beberapa juta unit komputer yang terkoneksi di berbagai belahan dunia. Dari hari ke hari pula informasi yang terkandung di dalam jaringan Internet tersebut semakin lengkap, akurat, dan penting. . Informasi telah menjadi suatu asset yang sedemikian berharga sehingga perlu mendapat perlakuan yang lebih spesifik. Selain itu pula, kemajuan yang dicapai dalam bidang pengembangan sistem operasi komputer sendiri dan utulitasnya sudah sedemikian jauh dimana tingkat performansi, keandalan dan fleksibilitas software menjadi kriteria utama dalam proses pengembangan software. Dengan semakin penting dan berharganya informasi tersebut dan ditunjang oleh kemajuan pengembangan software, tentunya menarik minat para pembobol (hacker) dan penyusup (intruder) untuk terus bereksperimen guna menemukan dan mempergunakan setiap kelemahan yang ada dari konfigurasi sistem informasi yang telah ditetapkan

Bertolak dari kenyataan di atas, muncul sebuah konsep yang lebih sering disebut dengan Network Security. Pada awalnya, konsep ini menjelaskan lebih banyak mengenai keterjaminan (security) dari sebuah sistem jaringan komputer yang terhubung ke Internet terhadap ancaman dan gangguan yang ditujukan kepada sistem tersebut. Cakupan konsep tersebut semakin hari semakin luas sehingga pada saat ini tidak hanya membicarakan masalah keterjaminan jaringan komputer saja, tetapi lebih mengarah kepada masalah-masalah keterjaminan sistem jaringan informasi secara global. Beberapa negara Eropa dan Amerika bahkan telah menjadikan Network Security menjadi salah satu titik sentral perhatian pihak-pihak militer masing-masing.


Sebenarnya, masalah Network Security ini timbul dari konektivitas jaringan komputer lokal yang kita miliki dengan wide-area network (seperti Internet). Jadi, selama jaringan lokal komputer kita tidak terhubung kepada wide-area network, masalah Network Security tidak begitu penting. Tetapi hal ini bukan berarti memberikan arti bahwa bergabung dengan wide-area network adalah suatu hal yang ‘menakutkan’ dan penuh bahaya. Network Security hanyalah menjelaskan kemungkinan-kemungkinan yang akan timbul dari konektivitas jaringan komputer lokal kita dengan wide-area network.

Secara umum, terdapat 3 (tiga) kata kunci dalam konsep Network Security ini, yaitu:

resiko / tingkat bahaya,
ancaman, dan
kerapuhan sistem (vulnerability)
Resiko atau tingkat bahaya
Dalam hal ini, resiko berarti berapa besar kemungkinan keberhasilan para penyusup dalam rangka memperoleh akses ke dalam jaringan komputer lokal yang dimiliki melalui konektivitas jaringan lokal ke wide-area network. Secara umum, akses-akses yang diinginkan adalah :

Read Access : Mampu mengetahui keseluruhan sistem jaringan informasi.
Write Access : Mampu melakukan proses menulis ataupun menghancurkan data yang terdapat di sistem tersebut.
Denial of Service : Menutup penggunaan utilitas-utilitas jaringan normal dengan cara menghabiskan jatah CPU, bandwidth maupun memory.
Ancaman
Dalam hal ini, ancaman berarti orang yang berusaha memperoleh akses-akses illegal terhadap jaringan komputer yang dimiliki seolah-olah ia memiliki otoritas terhadap akses ke jaringan komputer.

Kerapuhan System (Vulnerability)
Kerapuhan sistem lebih memiliki arti seberapa jauh proteksi yang bisa diterapkan kepada network yang dimiliki dari seseorang dari luar sistem yang berusaha memperoleh akses illegal terhadap jaringan komputer tersebut dan kemungkinan orang-orang dari dalam sistem memberikan akses kepada dunia luar yang bersifat merusak sistem jaringan.

Untuk menganalisa sebuah sistem jaringan informasi global secara keseluruhan tentang tingkat keandalan dan keamanannya bukanlah suatu hal yang mudah dilaksanakan. Analisa terhadap sebuah sistem jaringan informasi tersebut haruslah mendetil mulai dari tingkat kebijaksanaan hingga tingkat aplikasi praktisnya.

Sebagai permulaan, ada baiknya kita melihat sebuah sistem jaringan yang telah menjadi titik sasaran utama dari usaha-usaha percobaan pembobolan tersebut. Pada umumnya, jaringan komputer di dunia menggunakan sistem operasi Unix sebagai platform. Unix telah menjadi sebuah sistem operasi yang memiliki keandalan tinggi dan tingkat performansi yang baik. Tetapi, pada dasarnya Unix tersusun oleh fungsi-fungsi yang cukup rumit dan kompleks. Akibatnya, Unix juga memiliki beberapa kelemahan seperti bug-bug (ketidaksesuaian algoritma pemrograman) kecil yang kadang kala tidak disadari oleh para pemrogram Unix. Selain itu, utilitas-utilitas yang memanfaatkan Unix sebagai platformnya, seringkali mempunyai bug-bug tersendiri pula. Nah, hal-hal inilah yang sering dieksploitasi oleh para hacker dan intruder di seluruh dunia.

Guna mencegah berhasilnya eksploitasi para hacker dan intruder tersebut, dikembangkan sebuah konsep yang dikenal dengan UNIX Network Security Architecture. Arsitektur ini mencakup 7 lapis tingkat sekuriti pada jaringan. Ketujuh lapis tersebut adalah sebagai berikut :

Lapis ke-7 : Kebijaksanaan
Lapis ke-6 : Personil
Lapis ke-5 : Local Area Network
Lapis ke-4 : Batas Dalam Jaringan
Lapis ke-3 : Gateway
Lapis ke-2 : Paket Filtering
Lapis ke-1 : Batas Luar Jaringan
Kebijaksanaan
Lapis kebijaksanaan menjadi pelindung terhadap keseluruhan program proteksi dan sekuriti jaringan yang diterapkan. Lapis ini mempunyai fungsi mendefinisikan kebijakan-kebijakan organisasi mulai dari resiko yang paling besar yang mungkin didapat hingga bagaimana mengimplementasikan kebijaksanaan yang diambil terhadap prosedur-prosedur dasar dan peralatan yang digunakan. Lapis ini menjadi salah satu penentu utama keberhasilan program proteksi dan sekuriti sistem.

Personil
Lapis ini mendefinisikan segi manusia dalam sistem jaringan informasi. Personil yang melakukan instalasi, konfigurasi, pengoperasian hingga orang-orang yang mampu menjalankan akses-akses yang tersedia di sistem adalah termasuk dalam lapis ini. Kebijakan yang diambil pada lapis ini pada dasarnya harus mencerminkan tujuan-tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam program proteksi dan sekuriti ini.

Local Area Network
Lapis selanjutnya mendefinisikan peralatan-peralatan dan data-data yang harus mendapatkan proteksi. Selain itu, lapis ini juga mencakup prosedur-prosedur pengawasan dan kontrol yang sering diterapkan dalam sistem.

Batas Dalam Jaringan Batas
Dalam Jaringan mendefinisikan lapisan sistem yang terkoneksi secara fisik ke daerah “penyangga” yang menjadi pemisah antara sistem jaringan informasi lokal dengan jaringan luar. Batas ini menjadi penting karena titik ini menjadi sasaran utama usaha-usaha eksploitasi untuk memperoleh akses illegal. Ada baiknya daerah penyangga ini dikonsentrasikan pada satu titik sehingga penerapan prosedur pengawasan dan kontrol menjadi lebih mudah. Demikian pula bila datang serangan dari luar sistem, hanya akan terdapat satu titik masuk yang paling utama. Dengan demikian, akan lebih mudah mengisolasi sistem yang dimiliki dari konektivitas ke luar bila terjadi gangguan.

Gateway
Gateway mendefinisikan menjadi pintu utama dari dan ke sistem yang dimiliki. Kebijaksanaan proteksi dan sekuriti sebuah sistem yang terkoneksi dengan wide-area network seharusnya lebih mengarahkan usaha-usaha yang ada untuk mengamankan lapis ini sebaik mungkin. Servis-servis publik ada baiknya diletakkan pada lapis tersebut guna meminimisasi kemungkinan akses yang lebih jauh ke dalam sistem.

Paket Filtering
Lapis ini mendefinisikan platform yang berada di antara network interface lapis 3 (gateway) dengan network interface yang menjadi tempat penerapan metoda Firewall. Lapis tersebut lebih bersifat sebagai program yang menjalankan fungsi pengawasan (monitoring) terhadap paket-paket data yang masuk maupun yang keluar sistem.

Batas Luar Jaringan
Batas Luar Jaringan mendefinisikan titik dimana sistem terhubung dengan wide-area network dan kita tidak memiliki kontrol langsung terhadap titik tersebut.

Seperti yang telah dijabarkan di atas, lapis ke-3 menjadi titik utama dan yang paling rawan dalam network security ini. Implementasi kebijaksanaan yang diambil pada layer ini hanya bisa dilakukan secara software. Terdapat beberapa jenis security software yang bisa digunakan untuk memperkuat usaha proteksi dan sekuriti sistem pada lapis ke-3 ini. Di antaranya adalah :

TCP Wrapper
Program ini menyediakan layanan monitoring dan kontrol terhadap network services. Pada dasarnya, yang dilakukan oleh program ini adalah membuat daftar log mengenai aktivitas-aktivitas hubungan yang terjadi. Program ini dapat diambil secara gratis melalui anonymous FTP via ftp.cert.org yang terletak pada direktori pub/tools/tcp_wrappers/tcp_wrappers.*

Swatch
Program Swatch menggabungkan daftar-daftar log yang telah diciptakan oleh program-program utilitas lain di samping kelebihannya yang mampu dikonfigurasi sehingga pada saat melakukan logging, Swatch bisa melakukan aksi lain berdasar pada prioritas-prioritas tertentu. Swatch tersedia melalui anonymous FTP dari sierra.stanford.edu pada direktori pub/sources.

SOCKS library dan sockd
Program ini menjadi alternatif lain dari implementasi konsep “TCP Wrapper”. Kegunaan utama program ini adalah mengkonsentrasikan semua layanan umum internet pada suatu titik. “sockd” dijalankan oleh “inetd” pada saat permintaan layanan tertentu muncul dan hanya memperbolehkan koneksi dari host-host yang telah terdaftar. Program ini tentu saja juga melakukan aktivitas log yang berkaitan dengan koneksi yang terjadi. Program ini dapat diperoleh melalui anonymous FTP pada host s1.gov pada direktori /pub dengan nama socks.tar.Z.
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Monday, June 18, 2012

Is Google Making Us Stupid?

What the Internet is doing to our brains
By Nicholas Carr

Illustration by Guy Billout

"Dave, stop. Stop, will you? Stop, Dave. Will you stop, Dave?” So the supercomputer HAL pleads with the implacable astronaut Dave Bowman in a famous and weirdly poignant scene toward the end of Stanley Kubrick’s 2001: A Space Odyssey. Bowman, having nearly been sent to a deep-space death by the malfunctioning machine, is calmly, coldly disconnecting the memory circuits that control its artificial “ brain. “Dave, my mind is going,” HAL says, forlornly. “I can feel it. I can feel it.”

I can feel it, too. Over the past few years I’ve had an uncomfortable sense that someone, or something, has been tinkering with my brain, remapping the neural circuitry, reprogramming the memory. My mind isn’t going—so far as I can tell—but it’s changing. I’m not thinking the way I used to think. I can feel it most strongly when I’m reading. Immersing myself in a book or a lengthy article used to be easy. My mind would get caught up in the narrative or the turns of the argument, and I’d spend hours strolling through long stretches of prose. That’s rarely the case anymore. Now my concentration often starts to drift after two or three pages. I get fidgety, lose the thread, begin looking for something else to do. I feel as if I’m always dragging my wayward brain back to the text. The deep reading that used to come naturally has become a struggle.

I think I know what’s going on. For more than a decade now, I’ve been spending a lot of time online, searching and surfing and sometimes adding to the great databases of the Internet. The Web has been a godsend to me as a writer. Research that once required days in the stacks or periodical rooms of libraries can now be done in minutes. A few Google searches, some quick clicks on hyperlinks, and I’ve got the telltale fact or pithy quote I was after. Even when I’m not working, I’m as likely as not to be foraging in the Web’s info-thickets’reading and writing e-mails, scanning headlines and blog posts, watching videos and listening to podcasts, or just tripping from link to link to link. (Unlike footnotes, to which they’re sometimes likened, hyperlinks don’t merely point to related works; they propel you toward them.)

For me, as for others, the Net is becoming a universal medium, the conduit for most of the information that flows through my eyes and ears and into my mind. The advantages of having immediate access to such an incredibly rich store of information are many, and they’ve been widely described and duly applauded. “The perfect recall of silicon memory,” Wired’s Clive Thompson has written, “can be an enormous boon to thinking.” But that boon comes at a price. As the media theorist Marshall McLuhan pointed out in the 1960s, media are not just passive channels of information. They supply the stuff of thought, but they also shape the process of thought. And what the Net seems to be doing is chipping away my capacity for concentration and contemplation. My mind now expects to take in information the way the Net distributes it: in a swiftly moving stream of particles. Once I was a scuba diver in the sea of words. Now I zip along the surface like a guy on a Jet Ski.

I’m not the only one. When I mention my troubles with reading to friends and acquaintances—literary types, most of them—many say they’re having similar experiences. The more they use the Web, the more they have to fight to stay focused on long pieces of writing. Some of the bloggers I follow have also begun mentioning the phenomenon. Scott Karp, who writes a blog about online media, recently confessed that he has stopped reading books altogether. “I was a lit major in college, and used to be [a] voracious book reader,” he wrote. “What happened?” He speculates on the answer: “What if I do all my reading on the web not so much because the way I read has changed, i.e. I’m just seeking convenience, but because the way I THINK has changed?”

Bruce Friedman, who blogs regularly about the use of computers in medicine, also has described how the Internet has altered his mental habits. “I now have almost totally lost the ability to read and absorb a longish article on the web or in print,” he wrote earlier this year. A pathologist who has long been on the faculty of the University of Michigan Medical School, Friedman elaborated on his comment in a telephone conversation with me. His thinking, he said, has taken on a “staccato” quality, reflecting the way he quickly scans short passages of text from many sources online. “I can’t read War and Peace anymore,” he admitted. “I’ve lost the ability to do that. Even a blog post of more than three or four paragraphs is too much to absorb. I skim it.”

Anecdotes alone don’t prove much. And we still await the long-term neurological and psychological experiments that will provide a definitive picture of how Internet use affects cognition. But a recently published study of online research habits , conducted by scholars from University College London, suggests that we may well be in the midst of a sea change in the way we read and think. As part of the five-year research program, the scholars examined computer logs documenting the behavior of visitors to two popular research sites, one operated by the British Library and one by a U.K. educational consortium, that provide access to journal articles, e-books, and other sources of written information. They found that people using the sites exhibited “a form of skimming activity,” hopping from one source to another and rarely returning to any source they’d already visited. They typically read no more than one or two pages of an article or book before they would “bounce” out to another site. Sometimes they’d save a long article, but there’s no evidence that they ever went back and actually read it. The authors of the study report:

It is clear that users are not reading online in the traditional sense; indeed there are signs that new forms of “reading” are emerging as users “power browse” horizontally through titles, contents pages and abstracts going for quick wins. It almost seems that they go online to avoid reading in the traditional sense.

Thanks to the ubiquity of text on the Internet, not to mention the popularity of text-messaging on cell phones, we may well be reading more today than we did in the 1970s or 1980s, when television was our medium of choice. But it’s a different kind of reading, and behind it lies a different kind of thinking—perhaps even a new sense of the self. “We are not only what we read,” says Maryanne Wolf, a developmental psychologist at Tufts University and the author of Proust and the Squid: The Story and Science of the Reading Brain. “We are how we read.” Wolf worries that the style of reading promoted by the Net, a style that puts “efficiency” and “immediacy” above all else, may be weakening our capacity for the kind of deep reading that emerged when an earlier technology, the printing press, made long and complex works of prose commonplace. When we read online, she says, we tend to become “mere decoders of information.” Our ability to interpret text, to make the rich mental connections that form when we read deeply and without distraction, remains largely disengaged.

Reading, explains Wolf, is not an instinctive skill for human beings. It’s not etched into our genes the way speech is. We have to teach our minds how to translate the symbolic characters we see into the language we understand. And the media or other technologies we use in learning and practicing the craft of reading play an important part in shaping the neural circuits inside our brains. Experiments demonstrate that readers of ideograms, such as the Chinese, develop a mental circuitry for reading that is very different from the circuitry found in those of us whose written language employs an alphabet. The variations extend across many regions of the brain, including those that govern such essential cognitive functions as memory and the interpretation of visual and auditory stimuli. We can expect as well that the circuits woven by our use of the Net will be different from those woven by our reading of books and other printed works.

Sometime in 1882, Friedrich Nietzsche bought a typewriter—a Malling-Hansen Writing Ball, to be precise. His vision was failing, and keeping his eyes focused on a page had become exhausting and painful, often bringing on crushing headaches. He had been forced to curtail his writing, and he feared that he would soon have to give it up. The typewriter rescued him, at least for a time. Once he had mastered touch-typing, he was able to write with his eyes closed, using only the tips of his fingers. Words could once again flow from his mind to the page.

But the machine had a subtler effect on his work. One of Nietzsche’s friends, a composer, noticed a change in the style of his writing. His already terse prose had become even tighter, more telegraphic. “Perhaps you will through this instrument even take to a new idiom,” the friend wrote in a letter, noting that, in his own work, his “‘thoughts’ in music and language often depend on the quality of pen and paper.”

Also see: Living With a Computer (July 1982) "The process works this way. When I sit down to write a letter or start the first draft of an article, I simply type on the keyboard and the words appear on the screen..." By James Fallows

“You are right,” Nietzsche replied, “our writing equipment takes part in the forming of our thoughts.” Under the sway of the machine, writes the German media scholar Friedrich A. Kittler , Nietzsche’s prose “changed from arguments to aphorisms, from thoughts to puns, from rhetoric to telegram style.”

The human brain is almost infinitely malleable. People used to think that our mental meshwork, the dense connections formed among the 100 billion or so neurons inside our skulls, was largely fixed by the time we reached adulthood. But brain researchers have discovered that that’s not the case. James Olds, a professor of neuroscience who directs the Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study at George Mason University, says that even the adult mind “is very plastic.” Nerve cells routinely break old connections and form new ones. “The brain,” according to Olds, “has the ability to reprogram itself on the fly, altering the way it functions.”

As we use what the sociologist Daniel Bell has called our “intellectual technologies”—the tools that extend our mental rather than our physical capacities—we inevitably begin to take on the qualities of those technologies. The mechanical clock, which came into common use in the 14th century, provides a compelling example. In Technics and Civilization, the historian and cultural critic Lewis Mumford described how the clock “disassociated time from human events and helped create the belief in an independent world of mathematically measurable sequences.” The “abstract framework of divided time” became “the point of reference for both action and thought.”

The clock’s methodical ticking helped bring into being the scientific mind and the scientific man. But it also took something away. As the late MIT computer scientist Joseph Weizenbaum observed in his 1976 book, Computer Power and Human Reason: From Judgment to Calculation, the conception of the world that emerged from the widespread use of timekeeping instruments “remains an impoverished version of the older one, for it rests on a rejection of those direct experiences that formed the basis for, and indeed constituted, the old reality.” In deciding when to eat, to work, to sleep, to rise, we stopped listening to our senses and started obeying the clock.

The process of adapting to new intellectual technologies is reflected in the changing metaphors we use to explain ourselves to ourselves. When the mechanical clock arrived, people began thinking of their brains as operating “like clockwork.” Today, in the age of software, we have come to think of them as operating “like computers.” But the changes, neuroscience tells us, go much deeper than metaphor. Thanks to our brain’s plasticity, the adaptation occurs also at a biological level.

The Internet promises to have particularly far-reaching effects on cognition. In a paper published in 1936, the British mathematician Alan Turing proved that a digital computer, which at the time existed only as a theoretical machine, could be programmed to perform the function of any other information-processing device. And that’s what we’re seeing today. The Internet, an immeasurably powerful computing system, is subsuming most of our other intellectual technologies. It’s becoming our map and our clock, our printing press and our typewriter, our calculator and our telephone, and our radio and TV.

When the Net absorbs a medium, that medium is re-created in the Net’s image. It injects the medium’s content with hyperlinks, blinking ads, and other digital gewgaws, and it surrounds the content with the content of all the other media it has absorbed. A new e-mail message, for instance, may announce its arrival as we’re glancing over the latest headlines at a newspaper’s site. The result is to scatter our attention and diffuse our concentration.

The Net’s influence doesn’t end at the edges of a computer screen, either. As people’s minds become attuned to the crazy quilt of Internet media, traditional media have to adapt to the audience’s new expectations. Television programs add text crawls and pop-up ads, and magazines and newspapers shorten their articles, introduce capsule summaries, and crowd their pages with easy-to-browse info-snippets. When, in March of this year, TheNew York Times decided to devote the second and third pages of every edition to article abstracts , its design director, Tom Bodkin, explained that the “shortcuts” would give harried readers a quick “taste” of the day’s news, sparing them the “less efficient” method of actually turning the pages and reading the articles. Old media have little choice but to play by the new-media rules.

Never has a communications system played so many roles in our lives—or exerted such broad influence over our thoughts—as the Internet does today. Yet, for all that’s been written about the Net, there’s been little consideration of how, exactly, it’s reprogramming us. The Net’s intellectual ethic remains obscure.

About the same time that Nietzsche started using his typewriter, an earnest young man named Frederick Winslow Taylor carried a stopwatch into the Midvale Steel plant in Philadelphia and began a historic series of experiments aimed at improving the efficiency of the plant’s machinists. With the approval of Midvale’s owners, he recruited a group of factory hands, set them to work on various metalworking machines, and recorded and timed their every movement as well as the operations of the machines. By breaking down every job into a sequence of small, discrete steps and then testing different ways of performing each one, Taylor created a set of precise instructions—an “algorithm,” we might say today—for how each worker should work. Midvale’s employees grumbled about the strict new regime, claiming that it turned them into little more than automatons, but the factory’s productivity soared.

More than a hundred years after the invention of the steam engine, the Industrial Revolution had at last found its philosophy and its philosopher. Taylor’s tight industrial choreography—his “system,” as he liked to call it—was embraced by manufacturers throughout the country and, in time, around the world. Seeking maximum speed, maximum efficiency, and maximum output, factory owners used time-and-motion studies to organize their work and configure the jobs of their workers. The goal, as Taylor defined it in his celebrated 1911 treatise, The Principles of Scientific Management, was to identify and adopt, for every job, the “one best method” of work and thereby to effect “the gradual substitution of science for rule of thumb throughout the mechanic arts.” Once his system was applied to all acts of manual labor, Taylor assured his followers, it would bring about a restructuring not only of industry but of society, creating a utopia of perfect efficiency. “In the past the man has been first,” he declared; “in the future the system must be first.”

Taylor’s system is still very much with us; it remains the ethic of industrial manufacturing. And now, thanks to the growing power that computer engineers and software coders wield over our intellectual lives, Taylor’s ethic is beginning to govern the realm of the mind as well. The Internet is a machine designed for the efficient and automated collection, transmission, and manipulation of information, and its legions of programmers are intent on finding the “one best method”—the perfect algorithm—to carry out every mental movement of what we’ve come to describe as “knowledge work.”

Google’s headquarters, in Mountain View, California—the Googleplex—is the Internet’s high church, and the religion practiced inside its walls is Taylorism. Google, says its chief executive, Eric Schmidt, is “a company that’s founded around the science of measurement,” and it is striving to “systematize everything” it does. Drawing on the terabytes of behavioral data it collects through its search engine and other sites, it carries out thousands of experiments a day, according to the Harvard Business Review, and it uses the results to refine the algorithms that increasingly control how people find information and extract meaning from it. What Taylor did for the work of the hand, Google is doing for the work of the mind.

The company has declared that its mission is “to organize the world’s information and make it universally accessible and useful.” It seeks to develop “the perfect search engine,” which it defines as something that “understands exactly what you mean and gives you back exactly what you want.” In Google’s view, information is a kind of commodity, a utilitarian resource that can be mined and processed with industrial efficiency. The more pieces of information we can “access” and the faster we can extract their gist, the more productive we become as thinkers.

Where does it end? Sergey Brin and Larry Page, the gifted young men who founded Google while pursuing doctoral degrees in computer science at Stanford, speak frequently of their desire to turn their search engine into an artificial intelligence, a HAL-like machine that might be connected directly to our brains. “The ultimate search engine is something as smart as people—or smarter,” Page said in a speech a few years back. “For us, working on search is a way to work on artificial intelligence.” In a 2004 interview with Newsweek, Brin said, “Certainly if you had all the world’s information directly attached to your brain, or an artificial brain that was smarter than your brain, you’d be better off.” Last year, Page told a convention of scientists that Google is “really trying to build artificial intelligence and to do it on a large scale.”

Such an ambition is a natural one, even an admirable one, for a pair of math whizzes with vast quantities of cash at their disposal and a small army of computer scientists in their employ. A fundamentally scientific enterprise, Google is motivated by a desire to use technology, in Eric Schmidt’s words, “to solve problems that have never been solved before,” and artificial intelligence is the hardest problem out there. Why wouldn’t Brin and Page want to be the ones to crack it?

Still, their easy assumption that we’d all “be better off” if our brains were supplemented, or even replaced, by an artificial intelligence is unsettling. It suggests a belief that intelligence is the output of a mechanical process, a series of discrete steps that can be isolated, measured, and optimized. In Google’s world, the world we enter when we go online, there’s little place for the fuzziness of contemplation. Ambiguity is not an opening for insight but a bug to be fixed. The human brain is just an outdated computer that needs a faster processor and a bigger hard drive.

The idea that our minds should operate as high-speed data-processing machines is not only built into the workings of the Internet, it is the network’s reigning business model as well. The faster we surf across the Web—the more links we click and pages we view—the more opportunities Google and other companies gain to collect information about us and to feed us advertisements. Most of the proprietors of the commercial Internet have a financial stake in collecting the crumbs of data we leave behind as we flit from link to link—the more crumbs, the better. The last thing these companies want is to encourage leisurely reading or slow, concentrated thought. It’s in their economic interest to drive us to distraction.

Maybe I’m just a worrywart. Just as there’s a tendency to glorify technological progress, there’s a countertendency to expect the worst of every new tool or machine. In Plato’s Phaedrus, Socrates bemoaned the development of writing. He feared that, as people came to rely on the written word as a substitute for the knowledge they used to carry inside their heads, they would, in the words of one of the dialogue’s characters, “cease to exercise their memory and become forgetful.” And because they would be able to “receive a quantity of information without proper instruction,” they would “be thought very knowledgeable when they are for the most part quite ignorant.” They would be “filled with the conceit of wisdom instead of real wisdom.” Socrates wasn’t wrong—the new technology did often have the effects he feared—but he was shortsighted. He couldn’t foresee the many ways that writing and reading would serve to spread information, spur fresh ideas, and expand human knowledge (if not wisdom).

The arrival of Gutenberg’s printing press, in the 15th century, set off another round of teeth gnashing. The Italian humanist Hieronimo Squarciafico worried that the easy availability of books would lead to intellectual laziness, making men “less studious” and weakening their minds. Others argued that cheaply printed books and broadsheets would undermine religious authority, demean the work of scholars and scribes, and spread sedition and debauchery. As New York University professor Clay Shirky notes, “Most of the arguments made against the printing press were correct, even prescient.” But, again, the doomsayers were unable to imagine the myriad blessings that the printed word would deliver.

So, yes, you should be skeptical of my skepticism. Perhaps those who dismiss critics of the Internet as Luddites or nostalgists will be proved correct, and from our hyperactive, data-stoked minds will spring a golden age of intellectual discovery and universal wisdom. Then again, the Net isn’t the alphabet, and although it may replace the printing press, it produces something altogether different. The kind of deep reading that a sequence of printed pages promotes is valuable not just for the knowledge we acquire from the author’s words but for the intellectual vibrations those words set off within our own minds. In the quiet spaces opened up by the sustained, undistracted reading of a book, or by any other act of contemplation, for that matter, we make our own associations, draw our own inferences and analogies, foster our own ideas. Deep reading, as Maryanne Wolf argues, is indistinguishable from deep thinking.

If we lose those quiet spaces, or fill them up with “content,” we will sacrifice something important not only in our selves but in our culture. In a recent essay, the playwright Richard Foreman eloquently described what’s at stake:

I come from a tradition of Western culture, in which the ideal (my ideal) was the complex, dense and “cathedral-like” structure of the highly educated and articulate personality—a man or woman who carried inside themselves a personally constructed and unique version of the entire heritage of the West. [But now] I see within us all (myself included) the replacement of complex inner density with a new kind of self—evolving under the pressure of information overload and the technology of the “instantly available.”

As we are drained of our “inner repertory of dense cultural inheritance,” Foreman concluded, we risk turning into “‘pancake people’—spread wide and thin as we connect with that vast network of information accessed by the mere touch of a button.”

I’m haunted by that scene in 2001. What makes it so poignant, and so weird, is the computer’s emotional response to the disassembly of its mind: its despair as one circuit after another goes dark, its childlike pleading with the astronaut—“I can feel it. I can feel it. I’m afraid”—and its final reversion to what can only be called a state of innocence. HAL’s outpouring of feeling contrasts with the emotionlessness that characterizes the human figures in the film, who go about their business with an almost robotic efficiency. Their thoughts and actions feel scripted, as if they’re following the steps of an algorithm. In the world of 2001, people have become so machinelike that the most human character turns out to be a machine. That’s the essence of Kubrick’s dark prophecy: as we come to rely on computers to mediate our understanding of the world, it is our own intelligence that flattens into artificial intelligence.
Read More . .

9 Small Habits That Can Make a Heart Good




1. smile
Get used to smile with sincerity. Smile when you wake up in the morning and be thankful you were given the opportunity to enjoy life. Smile when you meet people who are known or acquainted with new people.

Put up a cheerful face can affect your mood all day. Despite the problems and conflicts continue to arrive, and a cheerful smile can help empower you to face it. negative influences.

2. Wake up early
In a hurry in the morning can ruin your mood. Excited to wait for vehicles coming, deal with stress stuck, had to run for fear too late to bring about good influence on you in the morning.

Try waking up a little earlier, in order to prepare myself more relaxed with the next activity. A time to breakfast before going to pep up berakvititas.

3. break
Sleep at least 8 hours a day is important to improve the mood. Adequate sleep is also influential for good health and can help increase concentration day. Make sure you are comfortable sleeping environment for the rest. Turn off the lights and keep the electronic equipment in order to get quality sleep. Use a comfortable mattress and pillows in order to get better sleep.

After waking, a time for making the beds before leaving for the move. When the tired body home on the move, finding a messy room can certainly make the heart grow murky. But when it welcomed a neat room and bed-ordered course can make the heart more calmly. This habit may be hard at first, but if done regularly can definitely bring a positive influence in your daily life.

4. Do not forget the hobby
Leave at least 10 minutes a day to do your hobby. Starting from watching movies, drawing, playing music, or whatever hobby you try to set aside at least 10 minutes a day to do it. In addition to honing their skills and increase knowledge, this habit is also very effective in creating mood remains positive and enthusiastic.

5. stop complaining
Complaining is a habit most powerful to disturb the mood. Always remember the negative things and forget to be grateful to so many positive things that happened was a habit that is not good. There is always a good side of every event and there is always something to be thankful every day.

Complained not only affect your mood but also others around you. Complain to the hobby, you are not aware of the neighborhood peppered with negative and destructive influence of the atmosphere. Focus on good things and positive even if the problem continues to attack. Challenge yourself to not complain for one day, one week or one month. Feel the difference yourself.

6. Friends and family
Nearby people pleasing is the drug most effective mood booster. Do not forget to always make time for leisure activities or just plain small talk with the family. Get up close and quality relationships with family and close friends. Feeling of having friends and family who always support can make a person more confident.

Do not just approach them at the time of grief. In times of happiness do not forget to invite your friends and family to be happy. In the era of advanced technology such as this there is no reason for breaking communication with family or close friends. Use the telephone, short message, social media, or other communication services if it had not met face to face.

7. Positive words
Pleased to commend a person can make a better mood. Bless the friends or family if he is doing a good or change. Although just a new haircut or a new job and other accomplishments, give a sincere compliment to friends or relatives. You praise them for their happiness can be contagious and make you feel happier. But remember, give praise in place and do not choose.

In addition to praise, do not hesitate to always express love to someone dear. Do not just always spit words of love to your partner. Tell love also to parents, friends, or your family. If you still have feelings of shame, expressed with other forms continued to show the love and attention. Feelings of love can make you more happy and enthusiastic about life.

8. save
Although a little try to save regularly every month. Try saving regularly or looking for products that can make a savings bank to auto-debit so there is no excuse for not saving. Eventually you will have enough savings to make your dream vacation or just to unwind.

9. maintain health
Exercise, healthy eating, and leisure are key to reducing stress and living healthier. Spend 30 minutes each day to exercise lightly. Do yoga or meditation to help strengthen the physical as well as calming the mind. Avoid eating too many foods that trigger a variety of diseases, especially enjoy foods, organ meats, and fried foods are high in calories. Consumption of vitamin which is enough to strengthen the immune system.

Reduce consumption of caffeine and alcohol. Replace diligently drinking enough water to keep the body fresh. Discard habits harmful to health as smoking and lack of sleep. Make changes gradually and feel the difference on your body. Frequently ill will affect many aspects of your life.
Read More . .

Friday, June 15, 2012

Facebook Apps Center Telah Resmi Dirilis

Beberapa waktu yang lalu Facebook telah mengumumkan App Center untuk web, Android dan iOS. App Center ini yang masih dalam tahap pengembangan ini merupakan tempat yang menyediakan aplikasi dan games yang terkait dengan platform Facebook developer. Selang satu bulan sejak pengumuman itu, Facebook kini merilis App Center untuk publik di San Fransisco.


Di App Center, pengguna Facebook dapat browsing dan menemukan beragam aplikasi yang mereka inginkan. Aplikasi bisa dicari atau ditemukan secara acak dari update teman, tapi tidak dalam format yang familiar seperti “app store”. Facebook App Center akan merekomendasikan aplikasi berdasarkan profil pengguna, dan juga membantu menemukan aplikasi yang paling populer dan aplikasi yang digunakan oleh teman-teman mereka. 

App Center juga tersedia untuk perangkat iOS dan Android selain facebook.com sendiri. Baik web ataupun mobile, App Center akan memudahkan preview aplikasi sebelum pengguna menginstal atau menggunakannya. Untuk saat ini, App Center baru diluncurkan untuk pengguna di Amerika Serikat dengan sekitar 600 aplikasi. Sedangkan rilis global akan dimulai beberapa minggu ke depan.

Source : gopego.com

Read More . .

Sony Telah Siap Meluncurkan Keluarga Baru Xperia

Sony siap meluncurkan keluarga baru Xperia yang rencananya akan rilis tanggal 21 Juni 2012 atau lebih awal. Sebelumnya Sony berencana mengumumkan Xperia terbarunya pada tanggal 22 Juni tapi melalui sebuah iklan Sony telah memajukan jadwal rilis sehari lebih cepat.

Anda bisa berharap anggota baru Xperia adalah LT29i Hayabusa versi internasional yang memiliki fitur hampir sama dengan Xperia GX yang baru saja diluncurkan untuk pangsa pasar Jepang. Tapi ada kemungkinan Sony memiliki perangkat mid-range Xperia selain Hayabusa.

Anda masih harus sedikit bersabar untuk menunggu kehadiran keluarga baru Xperia setidaknya sampai 10 hari ke depan atau akan lebih menyenangkan jika rilis lebih awal. Pantau terus perkembangan berita terbarunya.
Read More . .

Ukuran Screen HP

APPLE
I-Phone – 320 x 480
I-Phone 3G – 320 x 480
BenQ
A500 – 128 x 160
A520 – 128 x 128 internal screen and 96 x 39 external screen
C30 – 128 x 160
E72 – 240 x 320
EL71 – 240 x 320
M7 – 240 x 320
M100 – 128 x 128
M220 – 128 x 128
M300 – 128 x 128
M315 x 128 x 128
M350 – 128 x 128
M580 – 128 x 160
P30 – 208 x 320
P31 – 208 x 320
P50 – 240 x 320
S80 – 176 x 220 internal screen and 96 x 64 external screen
S660c – 128 x 128 internal screen and 96 x 39 external screen
S670c – 128 x 128 internal screen and 96 x 39 external screen
S680 – 128 x 128 internal screen and 96 x 39 external screen
S700 – 128 x 160 internal screen and 96 x 64 external screen
T33 – 176 x 220
T51 – 176 x 220
U700 – 176 x 220
Z2 BenQ Cube – 128 x 128
BenQ-Siemens

A38 – 96 x 64
A58 – 128 x 128
AL26 – 130 x 130
C31 – 176 x 220
C32 – 176 x 220
CF61 – 128 x 160 internal screen and 96 x 64 external screen
CL71 – 176 x 220
C81 – 132 x 176
E52 – 176 x 220
E61 – 128 x 160
E71 – 240 x 320
E81 – 176 x 220
EF51 – 120 x 128
EF61 – 128 x 160 internal screen and 96 x 64 external screen
EF71 – 176 x 220
EF81 – 240 x 320 internal screen and 120 x 160 external screen
EF91 – 240 x 320 internal screen and 96 x 64 external screen
EL71 – 240 x 320
M81 – 132 x 176
P51 – 240 x 320
S68 – 132 x 176
S81 – 176 x 220
S88 – 176 x 220
SF71 – 240 x 320 internal screen and 96 x 64 external screen
SL80 – 132 x 176
SL91 – 240 x 320
Blackberry
6720 – 160 x 160
7100t – 240 x 260
7100v – 240 x 260
7100x – 240 x 260
7130c – 240 x 260
7130g – 240 x 260
7130v – 240 x 260
7230 – 240 x 160
7290 – 240 x 160
7730 – 240 x 240
8100 Pearl – 240 x 260
8110 Pearl – 240 x 260
8120 Pearl – 240 x 260
8300 Curve – 320 x 240
8310 Curve – 320 x 240
8320 Curve – 320 x 240
8700c – 320 x 240
8707v – 320 x 240
8800 – 320 x 240
8820 – 320 x 240
8830 World Edition – 320 x 240
HTC – PPC phones
Advantage X7500 – 640 x 480
Advantage X7510 – 640 x 480
MTeor – 240 x 320
P3300 – 240 x 320
P3350 – 240 x 320
P3400 – 240 x 320
P3470 – 240 x 320
P3600 – 240 x 320
P3600i – 240 x 320
P430 – 240 x 320
P6300 -240 x 320
P6500 – 240 x 320
S310 – 176 x 220
S620 – 240 x 320
S630 – 240 x 320
S710 – 240 x 320
S730 – 240 x 320
Shift – 800 x 480
Touch – 240 x 320
Touch Diamond – 480 x 640
Touch Dual – 240 x 320
Touch Cruise – 240 x 320
TyTN – 240 x 320
TyTN II – 240 x 320
I_MATE
Jama – 320 x 240
Jama 101 – 320 x 240
Jama 201 – 320 x 240
JAM – 240 x 320 – HTC phoe same as QTEC S100 – o2 XDA Mini – T Mobile MDA compact.
JAM Black – 240 x 320 – HTC phone same as QTEC S110 – T Mobile MA compact II.
JAMin – 240 x 320 – HTC phone same as QTEC S200 – o2 XDA Neo.
JASJAM – 240 x 320 – HTC phone same as o2 XDA Trion – QTEC 9600.
JASJAR – 640 x 480 – HTC phone same as QTEC 9000 – o2 XDA Exec – T Mobile MDA IV.
JAQ – 320 x 240
JAQ3 – 320 x 240
JAQ4 – 320 x 240
KJAM – 240 x 320 – HTC phone same as QTEC 9100 – o2 XDA Mini S – T Mobile MDA Vario.
PDA2 – 240 x 320
PDA 2k – 240 x 320 – HTC phone same as QTEC 9090 – o2 XDA 2S – T Mobile MDA III – Orange SPV M2000.
PDAL – 320 x 240
Pocket PC – 240 x 320 – HTC phone same as QTEC 2020 – o2 XDA II – T Mobile MDA II – Orange SPV M1000.
Smart Flip – 240 x 320
Smartphone – 176 x 220 – HTC phone same as QTEC 7070 – Orange SPV E100.
Smartphone 2 – 176 x 220 – HTC phone same as QTEC 8080 -o2 Xphone – Orange SPV E200.
SP3 – 176 x 220 – HTC phone same as QTEC8010 – Orange SPV C500.
SP3i – 176 x 220 – HTC phone same as QTEC 8020 – o2 Xphone II – T Mobile SDA.
SP4m – 240 x 320 – HTC phone same as o2 XDA phone.
SP5 – 240 x 320 – HTC phone same as QTEC 8310 – o2 XDA Orion.
SP5m – 240 x 320 – HTC phone same as QTEC 8300.
SPJAS – 240 x 320
SPL – 240 x 320
Ultimate 5150 – 640 x 480
Ultimat 6150 – 640 x 480
Ultimat 7150 – 640 x 480
Ultimat 8150 – 640 x 480
Ultimate 8502 – 320 x 240
Ultimat 9150 – 640 x 480
Ultimate 9502 – 640 x 480
LG – Phones

CE110 – 128 x 128
CG180 – 128 x 128
CU500 – 176 x 220 internal screen and 96 x 96 external screen.
CU500V – 176 x 220 internal screen and 96 x 96 external screen.
CU515 – 176x 220
CU720 shine – 240 x 320
CU915 Vu – 240 x 400
KC550 – 240 x 320
KE260 – 176 x 220
KE600 – 240 x 320
KE770 – 176 x 220
KE800 (chocolate platinum) – 240 x 320
KE820 – 220 x 176
KE850 Prada – 240 x 400
KE970 shine – 240 x 320 – some java games have problems running with button outlay.
KF510 – 240 x 320
KF600 – 240 x 320
KF700 – 240 x 480
KF750 Secret – 240 x 320
KF755 Secret – 240 x 320
KG290 – 128 x 160
KG320 – 176 x 220
KG330 – 176 x 220
KG375 – 128 x 128
KG800 (chocolate) – 176 x 220
KG810 – 176 x 220 internal screen and 96 x 96 external screen.
KM500 – 240 x 320
KP200 – 128 x 128
KP202 – 128 x 160
KS10 – 240 x 320
KS20 – 240 x 320
KT610 – 640 x 480
KU250 – 176 x 220
KU311 – 176 x 220
KU380 – 176 x 220
KU800 (chocolate) – 240 x 320
KU950 – 240 x 320
KU990 Viewty – 240 x 400
KU 970 shine – 240 x 320 – some java games have problems running with button outlay.
L343i – 128 x 160 internal screen and 96 x 64 external screen.
L600V – 176 x 220 internal screen and 96 x 96 external screen.
TRAX CU575 – 176 x 220 internal screen and 128 x 160 external screen.
U300 – 176 x 220 internal screen and 96 x 64 external screen.
U310 – 176 x 220 internal screen and 96 x 96 external screen.
U400 – 240 x 320
U830 – 240 – 320
U960 – 240 x 320
MOTOROLA
A728 – 240 x 320
A732 – 128 x 160
A910 – 240 x 320 internal screen and 128 x 108 external screen.
A1010 – 208 x 320
A1200 – 240 x 320
E770 – 176 x 220
E770v – 176 x 220
E895 – 240 x 320 internal screen and 128 x 108 external screen.
E1000 – 176 x 220
E1070 – 240 x 320 internal screen and 96 x 80 external screen.
E1070 – 80 x 96
KRZR K1 – 176 x 220 internal screen and 96 x 80 external screen.
KRZR K3 – 240 x 320 internal screen and 128 x 160 external screen.
L2 – 128 x 160
L6 – 128 x 160
PEBL – 176 x 220
PEBL U3 – 128 x 160
PEBL U6 – 176 x 220
Q8 – 320 x 240
Q9H – 320 x 240
RAZR2 V9 – 240 x 320 internal screen and 240 x 320 external screen.
RAZR2 V8 – 240 x 320 internal screen and 240 x 320 external screen.
Razor V3 – 176 x 220
Razor V3i – 176 x 220
Razor V3i M – 176 x 220
Razor V3x – 240 x 320
RAZR maxx V6 – 240 x 320 internal screen and 120 x 160 external screen.
RIZR Z3 – 176 x 220
RIZR Z8 – 240 x 320
RIZRR Z10 – 240 x 320
ROKR – 176 x 220
ROKR E1 – 176 x 220
ROKR E2 – 240 x 320
ROKR E6 – 240 x 320
ROKR E8 – 320 x 240
ROKR Z6 – 240 x 320
Sidekick slide – 240 x 320
SLVR – 176 x 220
SLVR L7e – 176 x 220
SLVR L9 – 176 x 220
U9 – 240 x 320 internal screen and 128 x 160 external screen.
V191 – 128 x 160
V195 – 128 x 160
V360 – 176 x 220
V545 – 176 x 220
V550 – 176 x 220
V600 – 176 x 220
V980 – 176 x 220
W161 – 128 x 128
W180 – 128 x 128
W181 – 128 x 128
W205 – 128 x 128
W208 – 128 x 128
W209 – 128 x 128
W213 – 128 x 128
W215 – 128 x 128
W218 – 128 x 128
W220 – 128 x 128
W230 – 128 x 128
W270 – 128 x 128
W360 – 128 x 160
W375 – 128 x 160
W377 – 128 x 160
W380 – 128 x 160
W395 – 128 x 160
W490 – 176 x 220 internal screen and 96 x 80 external sreen.
ZN5 – 240 x 320
Z6w – 240 x 320
Z9 – 240 x 320
NOKIA
1680 Classic – 128 x 160
2680 Slide – 128 x 160
3110 evolve – 128 x 160
3120 classic – 240 x 320
3230 – 176 x 208
3250 Rubik phone – 176 x 208
3600 Slide – 240 x 320
5000 – 240 x 320
5200 – 128 x 160
5220 Express Music – 240 x 320
5300 – 240 x 320
5310 – 240 x 320
5320 Express Music – 20 x 320
5500 sport – 208 x 208
6020 – 128 x 128
6030 – 128 x 128
6060 – 128 x 160
6070 – 128 x 160
6080 – 128 x 160
6101 – 128 x 160
6103 – 128 x 160
6110 navigator – 240 x 320
6111 – 128 x 160
6120 – 240 x 320
6121 – 240 x 320
6124 – 240 x 320
6125 – 128 x 160
6126 – 240 x 320
6131 – 240 x 320
6133 – 240 x 320
6136 – 128 x 160
6151 – 128 x 160
6170 – 128 x 160
6212 Classic – 240 x 320
6230 – 128 x 128
6230i – 208 x 208
6233 – 240 x 320
6234 – 240 x 320
6260 – 176 x 208
6270 – 240 x 320
6280 – 240 x 320
6282 – 320 x 240
6288 – 240 x 320
6300 – 240 x 320
6300i – 240 x 320
6500 slide – 240 x 320
6500 classic – 240 x 320
6600 – 176 x 208
6600 Fold – 240 x 320
6600 Slide – 240 x 320
6630 – 176 x 208
6650 – 240 x 320
6670 – 176 x 208
6680 – 176 x 208
6681 – 176 x 208
6822 – 128 x 128
7070 Prism – 128 x 160
7260 – 128 x 128
7270 – 128 x 160
7360 – 128 x 160
7370 – 240 x 320
7373 – 240 x 320
7380 – 104 x 208
7610 – 176 x 208
7710 – 640 x 320
8600 luna – 240 x 320
8800 – 208 x 208
8800 arte and saphire arte – 240 x 320
Ngage – 176 x 208
Ngage QD – 176 x 208
N70 – 176 x 208
N71 – 240 x 320
N72 – 176 x 208
N73 – 240 x 320
N75 – 240 x 320
N76 – 240 x 320
N80 – 352 x 416
N81 – 240 x 320
N82 – 240 x 320
N90 – 352 x 416 internal screen and 128 x 128 external screen
N91 – 176 x 208
N92 – 320 x 240
N93 – 240 x 320
N95 all versions 240 x 320
N96 – 240 x 320
N78 – 240 x 320
E50 – 240 x 320
E51 cam free – 240 x 320
E51 with cam – 240 x 320
E61i – 320 x 240
E61 – 320 x 240
E62 – 320 x 240
E65 – 240 x 320
E66 – 240 x 320
E70 – 352 x 416
E71 – 320 x 240
E90 – 800 x 352 internal and external – 240 x 320
SAGEM
MY 200x – 101 x 80
MY 220x – 128 x 128
MY 230x – 128 x 160
MY 231x – 128 x 160
MY 234x – 128 x 160
MY 300X – 128 x 128
MY 301x – 128 x 128
MY 302x – 128 x 128
MY 312x – 128 x 160
MY 400v – 128 x 160
MY 400X – 128 x 160
MY 401c – 128 x 160
MY 401x – 128 x 160
MY 401z – 128 x 160
MY 405X – 128 x 160
MY 411c – 128 x 160
MY 411x – 128 x 160
MY 419x – 128 x 160
MY 421x – 128 x 160
MY 429x – 128 x 160
MY 500x – 176 x 220
MY 501c – 128 x 160
MY 501x – 176 x 220
MY 511x – 128 x 160
MY 519x – 176 x 220
MY 521x – 176 x 220
MY 600v – 176 x 220
MY 600x – 176 x 220
MY 700X – 176 x 220
MY 721x – 176 x 220
MY 721z – 176 x 220
MY 750x – 320 x 240
MY 800X – 176 x 220
MY 850c – 240 x 320 internal screen and 96 x 64 external screen
MY 855c – 320 x 240
MY 900C – 240 x 320
MY 901c – 240 x 320 internal screen and 96 x 64 external screen
MY C2-3 – 101 x 80
MY C4-2 – 128 x 128
MY V-56 – 128 x 160
MY V-76 – 176 x 220
MY V-85 – 176 x 220
MY W-7 – 176 x 220
MY Z-5 – 128 x 160
MY Z-55 – 128 x 160
MY VS3 – 128 x 160
MyMobileTV – 240 x 320
myMobile TV2 – 240 x 320 internal display and 72 x 96 external display
Roland Garros – 120 x 160
SAMSUNG
Untuk HP Samsung, diperlukan Jar dan Jad file yang sama. Kebanyakan game java yang tersedia di internet, hanya berbentuk file Jar. Untuk membuat file Jad, gunakan software ini. Install di komputer dan drag file Jar kedalam program (ikuti langkah sesuai file Readme.txt). Setelah file Jad dibuat, pindahkan ke HP (dengan Kabel USB) dan install di HP.
Beberapa HP Samsung terbaru tidak mengizinkan file Jar di drag dan di drop kedalam file lain untuk menjadi file Jad. Lihat buku petunjuk HP Samsung anda.
B500 – 450 x 650
D500 – 176 x 144
D600 – 240 x 320
D780 Duos – Dual Sim – 240 x 320
D800 – 240 x 320
D820 – 240 x 320
E330 – 128 x 160
E350 – 128 x 160
E530 – 128 x 160
E710 – 128 x 160
E720 – 128 x 160
E770 – 176 x 220
E800 – 128 x 160
E810 – 128 x 160
E820 – 128 x 160
F110 – 176 x 220
F200 – 128×220
F400 – 240×320
F480 – 240×320
F700 – 240×440
I900 Omnia – 240 x 400 (windows mobile 6.1 pro)
G400 Soul – 240 x 320 internal screen and 20 x 320 external screen.
G600 – 240×320 – this phone has probs reading and handling more than 20 games on mem card and also wont read more than 59 music files – software issues.
G800 – 240×320
G810 – 240×320
L870 – 240 x 320 (symbian OS v 9.3)
M620 – 128 x 160
P960 – 240x320Soul b – 240 x 320
U600 – 240×320
U800 Soul – 240 x 320
U900 soul – 240×320
Z500 – 176 x 220
Z510 – 240 x 320
SANYO
S750i – 240 x 320
SHARP
550SH – 240 x 320
703 – 320 x 240
705SH – 240 x 320
770SH – 240 x 320
802 – 240 x 320
880SH – 240 x 320
902 – 240 x 320
903 – 240 x 320
904 – 480 x 640
GX1 – 120 x160
GX10 – 120 x160
GX10i – 120 x 160
GX15 – 120 x 160
GX17 – 120 x 160
GX18 – 128 x 160
GX20 – 240 x 320
GX22 – 240 x 320
GX25 – 320 x 240
GX29 – 240 x 320
GX30 – 240 x 320
GX33 – 176 x 220
GX34 – 176 x 220
GX40 – 240 x 320
GZ100 – 120 x 160
GZ200 – 320 x 240
TM100 – 240 x 320
TM150 – 240 x 320
TM200 – 320 x 240
V801SH – 240 x 320
SIEMENS
A31 – 128 x 128
AL21 – 130 x 130
AF51 -130 x 130
AP75 – 128 x 128
AX72 – 128 x 128
C72 – 128 x 128
CC75 – 128 x 160
CF110 – 130 x 130
ME75 -132 x 176
S75 – 132 x 176
SFG75 -176 x 220
SG75 – 176 x 220
SL75 – 132 x 176
SONY ERICSSON

C702 – 240 x 320
C902 – 240 x 320
C905 – 240 x 320 (8-megapixal camera)
D750i – 176 x 220
F305 – 176 x 220
G502 – 240 x 320
G700 – 240 x 320
G900 – 240 x 320
J120 – 94 x 64
J110 – 94 x 64
J132 – 128 x 128
K200 – 128 x 128
K220 – 128 x 128
K310i – 128 x 160
K320 – 128 x 160
K330 – 128 x 160
K500i – 128 x 160
K510i – 128 x 160
K530 – 176 x 220
K550 – 176 x 220
K550im – 176 x 220
K610i – 176 x 220
K618 – 176 x 220
K630 – 176 x 220
K660 – 240 x 320
K700i – 176 x 220
K750i – 176 x 220
K770 – 240×320
K790 – 240 x 320
K800i – 240 x 320
K810i – 240×320
K850i – 240×320
M600 – 240 x 320
M608 – 240 x 320
P910i – 208 x 320
P990 – 240 x 320
P990i – 240 x 320
P1i – 240 x 320
R300 radio – 128 x 160
R306 radio – 128 x 160
S302 – 176 x 220
S500 – 240 x 320
T68i – 101 x 80
T250 – 128 x 160
T270 – 128 x 160
T280 – 128 x 160
T303 – 128 x 160
T610 – 128 x 160
T630 – 128 x 160
T650 – 240 x 320
V640 – 176 x 220
W200 – 128 x 160
W300i – 128 x 160
W350 – 176 x 220
W380 – 176 x 220
W550i – 176 x 220
W580 – 240 x 320
W600 – 176 x 220
W610 – 176 x 220
W660 – 176 x 220
W700i – 176 x 220
W760 – 240 x 320
W800i – 176 x 220
W810i – 176 x 220
W830 – 240 x 320
W850 – 240 x 320
W880 – 240 x 320
W888 – 240 x 320
W890 – 240 x 320
W900i – 240 x 320
W910 – 240 x 320
W950i – 240 x 320
W960 – 240×320
W980 – 240 x 320
Experia x1 – 800 x 480
Z250 – 128 x 160
Z310 – 128 x 160
Z320 – 128 x 128
Z555 – 176 x 220
Z558 – 176 x 220
Z750 – 240 x 320
Z770 – 240 x 320
Z780 – 240 x 320
TOSHIBA
705T – 240 x 320
903T – 240 x 320
904T – 240 x 320
G450 – 96 x 39
G500 – 240 x 320
G710 – 320 x 240
G810 – 320 x 240
G900 – 800 x 480
G910 – 800 x 480
G920 – 800 x 480
TS10 – 128 x 160
TS32 – 176 x 220
TS605 – 176 x 220
TS608 – 176 x 220
TS705 – 176 x 220
TS803 – 240 x 320
TS808 – 240 x 320
TS921 – 240 x 320
TX62 – 240 x 320
TX80 – 240 x 320 internal screen and 96 x 39 external mono OLED screen
Read More . .

Samsung Galaxy Mini 2 Spesifikasi Harga

Spesifikasi Harga Samsung Galaxy Mini 2. Galaxy Mini 2, smartphone anyar Samsung yang diperkenalkan ke public untuk pertama kalinya seminggu sebelum ajang MWC 2012 digelar, sebentar lagi akan memasuki fase penjualan. Bahkan salah satu retailer di Inggris telah menawarkannya secara pre-order.
Samsung Galaxy Mini 2

Samsung Galaxy Mini 2 sekarang tersedia untuk pre-order di toko online MobileFun di Inggris dan ditawarkan dengan harga sekitar $ 280 USD. Peluncuran ponsel yang sangat laku di Indonesia ini diharapkan terjadi pada kuartal ini. Meskipun ini bukan handset dengan spesifikasi tertinggi, ada beberapa fitur hebat yang hadir di ponsel ini seperti dukungan untuk NFC.

Galaxy Mini 2 merupakan smartphone Android 2.3 (Gingerbread) yang datang dengan suguhan layar 3.27 inchi beresolusi 320x480 piksel serta akan diotaki oleh prosesor berkecepatan 800 MHz. Perangkat ini ditenagai oleh sebuah baterai dengan kapasitas 1300 mAh.

Spesifikasi Samsung Galaxy Mini 2

•    Dimensi: 109.4 x 58.6 x 11.6mm
•    Bobot: 105.3g
•    Layar: 3.27 Inchi HVGA dengan 320 x 480 piksel
•    Memori: 4GB, microSD slot (up to 32GB)
•    OS: Android 2.3 (Gingerbread)
•    Prosesor: 800MHz
•    Konektivitas: Wi-Fi, Bluetooth 3.0, microUSB, A-GPS
•    Kamera: 5MP with autofocus, LED flash
•    Baterai: 1300 mAh
Harga Samsung Galaxy Mini : $ 280 USD atau 2,6 Juta Rupiah
Samsung Galaxy Mini 2 sudah pre-order. Kapan Galaxy Ace 2 akan di luncurkan? Kita tunggu saja infonya di Blogger Ceria.

Read More . .

Thursday, June 14, 2012

Nama - nama situs buat download app symbian dan java

udah lma,ga share hari ini saya akn share sedikit tentang aplikasi pastikan penggila palikasi symbian 

suka download aplikasi-aplikasi yg baru dan keren walaupun symbian dan java lebih banyak aplikasi krenz 
symbian tpi tidak kalah juga untuk java walupun java tidak bisa di modiikasi handphone nyah seperti hp symbian java juga ga kalah aplikasi nyach seperti symbian bagi andayg suka download aplikasi symbian ataupun java sya akan memberi situs-situs download aplikasi nyach :

1.mobile9.com di situs ini anda bisa memilih merek h anda dan anda juga bisa mendownload ribuan 
aplikasi ini di situs ini di sini hanyabisa downloandnyah lewat komputer

2.getjar.com di sini paling banyak aplikasi hp yg berbaris java di sini juga anda bisa langsung download 
lewat komputer maupun lewat hp

3.mobango.com di situs ini sma seperti getjar.com yg lebih banyak aplikasi java dan disitus ini juga anda 
bisa download aplikasi lewat komputer atau lewat hp

4.mobile24.com di situs ini sama juga seperti mobile9.com anda bisa memilih merek hp anda dan anda 
bisa download ribuan aplikasi symbian ataupun java

5.brothersoft.com di link ini sangat banyak aplikasi,program,software,games,dan dll di situs ini juga anda
bisa mendownload aplikasi symbian atau java secara free

6.zedge.com di link ini anda bisa mendownload theme dan rington,images,anda bisa langsung download
aplikasi tersebut lewat ponsel

sekian beberapa link untuk anda jika anda ingin download aplikasi java ataupun symbian anda bisa 
coba link di atas semoga saya bisa membantu ....semoga bermanfaat
Read More . .

app Android


MY Android Antivirus

Sebagai perangkat dengan sistem operasi, gadget Android rentan terhadap virus sehingga perlu untuk berhati-hati dalam penggunaannya, utamanya saat instalasi aplikasi yang tidak dikenal.

Salah satu Antivirus yang dapat digaunakan adalah MY Android Antivirus. Antivirus satu ini lumayan lengkap dengan beberapa fitur penting misalnya perlindungan dari malware, spyware dan virus itu sendiri.
Kita juga memperoleh bonus berupa backup data, real-time monitor bahkan fitur anti-maling. Besar file 1.8MB

Download

Sunday, May 13, 2012


Aplikasi MP3 Recorder Android


Dahulu ketika gadget belum secanggih sekarang alat perekam populer adalah tape recorder saku semisal Walkman. Kini sudah banyak MP3 recorder digital yang lebih praktis. Ada lagi yang lebih praktis yaitu perangkat gadget kita, baik ponsel ataupun tablet. Namun, biasanya format file aplikasi untuk rekaman ini bertipe WAV atau AMR. Kualitasnya pun masih kurang bagus.
Bagi pengguna Android ada alternatif menarik untuk menggunakan aplikasi android dalam hal merekam suara ini. Aplikasi Hi-Q MP3 Recorder dapat digunakan untuk merekam suara dan menyimpan dalam format MP3. Versi gratisnya dibatasi untuk merekam maksimal 10 menit. Tidak semua HP Android dapat menjalankan aplikasi recorder ini karena perlu resource tertentu. Pada saat instal akan ada tes dan konfirmasi apakah HP android anda dapat menjalankan aplikasi ini atau tidak
Aplikasi ini dapat didownload dari Hi-Q MP3 Recorder



Kumpulan Aplikasi Kamera Android


Kita mungkin pernah melihat sebuah tampilan foto yang memiliki keunikan dan efek-efek menarik. Sebenarnya foto yang unik itu bisa dibuat dengan berbagai cara misalnya diedit terlebih dulu menggunakan aplikasi seperti Photoshop misalnya. Namun ada cara yang lebih gampang bagi pengguna Android, yaitu dengan menggunakan aplikasi kamera yang satu dengan lainnya memiliki berbagai fasilitas maupun efek, filter dan keunggulan masing-masing.

Berikut ini Anda dapat mencoba untuk menggunakan aplikasi kamera Android yang dapat didownload dengan gratis, namun cukup berkualitas. Beberapa tersedia versi berbayar untuk fitur yang lebih lengkap. Silahkan klik di link berikut:

Kumpulan 5 Aplikasi Kamera Android Gratis



Aplikasi Azan/Pengingat Shalat Android

Kesibukan seringkali membuat kita kadang lupa. Sibuk dengan pekerjaan, sibuk dengan keluarga, sibuk main internet atau main HP. Agar kesibukan tak membuat kita lupa akan waktu sholat maka perlulah kiranya menginstal Aplikasi Azan Android ini di HP.

Untuk menggunakannya cukup masukkan ZIP Code atau kode pos wilayah anda sehingga akan dikalkulasi sesuai dengan posisi anda. Tersedia perhitungan yang lazim dipakai oleh kalangan Sunni maupun Syiah. Aplikasi Azan Android ini nampaknya menjadi salah satu aplikasi wajib untuk HP anda

Aplikasi ini dapat diperoleh di link berikut



Aplikasi Opera Mini 7 Android (Baru 2012)


Opera Mini kini telah keluar versi baru yang ke 7 dan diluncurkan dalam versi beta pada awal tahun 2012 ini. Aplikasi ini tersedia dalam platform Android maupun platform lain. Beberapa kelebihan yang dijanjikan di antaranya adalah kecepatan yang lebih tinggi serta dukungan sharing di social media lebih mudah.

Untuk membuktikannya Anda dapat mendownload aplikasi ini dan tak perlu khawatir akan menimpa Opera Mini yang lama karena versi baru ini masih Beta dan tidak akan menimpa aplikasi Opera Mini sebelumnya

Untuk mencobanya Silahkan klik di download Opera Mini 7 Android

Ninja Chicken: Ayam Petarung Di Android

aplikasi game android ninja chicken

Ini adalah game android yang cukup lucu dan menarik. Mengisahkan ayam yang merasa dirinya ninja, bukan sekedar ninja biasa tapi ninja terbaik dari yang terbaik. Ayam ini mau menunjukkan kepada semua orang bahwa ia benar-benar ninja.

Anda dapat sekedar menyaksikan polah si ayam ini atau menunjukkan kepada nya kalau kita juga bisa menjadi ninja.

Aplikasi ini dibuat oleh Mominis dan dapat didownload cuma-cuma. Permainan satu ini dijamin tak akan membuat anda kecewa.

Download Android APK Ninja Chincken



Aplikasi Kamera Android Pembuat Foto Menjadi Kartun

Mau memotret pakai kamera HP biasa? Mungkin hasil foto HP akan biasa saja. Kalau mau membuat foto dengan beragam hasil yang unik, aneh, lucu dan sebagainya maka Anda perlu menginstal aplikasi khusus.

Salah satu aplikasi foto android yang menarik adalah Cartoon Camera. Aplikasi ini akan mengubah foto biasa menjadi efek kartun dengan polesan sket yang menarik tanpa bersusah payah mengedit.


Aplikasi Cartoon Camera dapat didownload gratis dari Android market.

Download Aplikasi Camera Cartoon

Download Kumpulan Aplikasi Android




Pengguna HP smartphone android saat ini sudah semakin merajalela, dengan ribuan aplikasi yang sudah tercipta oleh kalangan open source, dan berbagai pengembang lainnya membuat Aplikasi Android berwarna dan terus berkembang.
Dalam sejarahnya Android adalah sistem operasi yang berbasis Linux untuk telepon seluler seperti telepon pintar dan komputer tablet. Android menyediakan platform terbuka bagi para pengembang untuk menciptakan aplikasi mereka sendiri untuk digunakan oleh bermacam peranti bergerak. Awalnya, Google Inc. membeli Android Inc., pendatang baru yang membuat peranti lunak untuk ponsel. Kemudian untuk mengembangkan Android, dibentuklah Open Handset Alliance, konsorsium dari 34 perusahaan peranti keras, peranti lunak, dan telekomunikasi, termasuk Google, HTC, Intel, Motorola, Qualcomm, T-Mobile, dan Nvidia.
Android memiliki berbagai keunggulan sebagai software yang memakai basis kode komputer yang bisa didistribusikan secara terbuka (open source) sehingga pengguna bisa membuat aplikasi baru di dalamnya. Android memiliki aplikasi native Google yang terintegrasi seperti pushmail Gmail, Google Maps, dan Google Calendar.
Para penggemar open source kemudian membangun komunitas yang membangun dan berbagi Android berbasis firmware dengan sejumlah penyesuaian dan fitur-fitur tambahan, seperti FLAC lossless audio dan kemampuan untuk menyimpan download aplikasi pada microSD card. Mereka sering memperbaharui paket-paket firmware dan menggabungkan elemen-elemen fungsi Android yang belum resmi diluncurkan dalam suatu carrier-sanction firmware. Nah untuk menikmati hasil para pencipta, pengembang Aplikasi Android coba saja di survey situ-situs berikut ini
1. Download Aplikasi Android di Android Market
2. Download Aplikasi Android di Androidapplication
3. Download Aplikasi Android di Androidapps
4. Download Aplikasi Android di Brothersoft android
5. Download Aplikasi Android di Freeware4 android
6. Download aplikasi android di Aplikasiandroid
7. Download aplikasi Android di Electricpig
Contoh diatas adalah situs para penyedia aplikasi seperti games dan aplikasi smartphone android untuk menyemarakkan dunia open source bagi piranti Mobile berlogo android.
Perkembangan aplikasi Android.
Bagi anda yang saat ini memakai gadget Android baik itu Smarphone Android maupun Tablet android, yang tengah mencari berbagai macam aplikasi, tidak ada salahnya kunjungi situs situs tersebut karena memberikan berbagai macam kumpulan aplikasi android terbaik.
dibawah ini adalah contoh Gallery dari salah satu website penyedia Aplikasi berbalut Android :
Games :
Arcade & Action
Brain & Puzzle
Cards & Casino
Casual
Live Wallpaper
Racing
Sports Games
Widgets
Applications
Books & Reference
Business
Comics
Communication
Education
Entertainment
Finance
Health & Fitness
Libraries & Demo
Lifestyle
Live Wallpaper
Media & Video
Medical
Music & Audio
News & Magazines
Personalization
Photography
Productivity
Shopping
Social
Sports
Tools
Transportation
Travel & Local
Weather
Widgets
Read More . .